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call (770) 393-8942.
Guerilla Marketing Grows
Up
Mainstream adoption is good for budgets, dangerous
for buzz
Guerilla marketing is growing as mass media fades and more marketers
adopt non-traditional methods.
"It seems like 2004 was the official year the 60-second spot died," says
Linda Bennett, senior director of buzz marketing at Yahoo. "Moving
forward, I think we're going to see a new type of marketing budget, with
non-traditional marketing included in 'traditional' marketing programs.
This will increase the volume and size of guerilla marketing budgets
exponentially."
Some shops are already starting to see bigger RFPs, ranging from
$500,000 to $2 milliona leap from the $50,000 to $100,000 range of
a few years ago.
It shows that marketers are mulling, but not always executing, more
ambitious campaigns. The bulk of agencies' work is still "test" programs
to prove out guerilla marketing's effectiveness.
"Many companies are considering guerrilla for larger percentages of
their [marketing] spend, but we are still in the initial stages," says
Sam Ewen, president of New York City guerilla agency Interference.
Budgets will keep rising as guerilla tactics prove out.
Guerilla marketing also gets more corporate as traditional marketers
adopt it. Industry leaders worry that newcomers will treat buzz
marketing like more traditional disciplines. "That could lead to a lot
of mediocrity and channel noise, and we'll become our own worst
enemies," Bennett says.
Good guerrilla marketing flies under consumers' ever-sensitive marketing
filters. Increasingly more efforts target "influencers," social leaders
who set trends among their peers. "Targeting the right [individuals
among] your desired audience segment is becoming the price of
admission," Ewen says.
Good guerilla campaignsespecially those that single out
trendsetters"can have consumers clamoring to be marketed to," he
adds. "Often, the unexpectedness of it creates the sense that the brand
is willing to take a risk to get noticed. Many consumers respond well to
this."
Micro targeting also lets marketers be as efficient as possible, says
Tom Murcott, senior partner-group director at Renegade Marketing Group.
The New York-based agency recently wrapped up a two-month effort for
HSBC Bank USA targeting New Yorkers.
 | HSBC BankCab canvasses Manhattan
streets for riders |
HSBC's Free Ride/Free Checking campaign offered commuters free cab,
subway and bus rides for answering trivia questions about the city
("Who's famous for recording 'New York, New York'?" "What's the largest
park in Manhattan?"). Street teams (six staffers in all) cruised
high-traffic sites, giving out a total of 25,000 MTA Metrocards (worth
$2 each). Two vintage red-and-white checkered BankCabs accepted
Metrocard riders, and HSBC customers who showed a current bankbook.
"People were shocked we were giving them free rides," says Rebecca
Rogers, HSBC senior VP-marketing. "We wanted to set ourselves apart."
The Oct. 25-Dec. 22 campaign cost less than $500,000, and follows a 2003
campaign that put one HSBC BankCab on the streets, offering free rides
to HSBC customers (September 2004 PROMO).
The trick will be for marketers to keep their edge as guerilla marketing
becomes more commonplace, and less surprising.
"Back in 1999, dressing someone up in a costume on the street was
considered out-of-the-box marketing. Traditional marketers didn't
consider guerilla marketing to be 'grown up' marketing," Bennett says.
Today it's more layered and complex, blending off- and online ads and
promos. "The fine line is, How do we push the sub-culture feel of
guerilla marketing without becoming traditional, and being seen as sell
outs? That's the art," Bennett says.
Wider acceptance also means deeper accountability: Watch for more
pressure to track guerilla ROI this year. "Gone are the days of doing
something because it's cool," Bennett says. "We're going to have to show
how we moved product, not just brand awareness."
Face Time
Street teams are the corner stone of guerilla success. Some brands are
using event-marketing dollars to fund semi-permanent and permanent
street teams in local markets.
"You have highly trained staff throughout the year, versus personnel
that are just rented for a weekend event," said Bradford Bryen,
president, U.S. Concepts, New York.
Such teams often work with national mobile-marketing tours. This winter,
Nintendo shows off its new Nintendo DS gaming system with a tour of
snowboarding events that piggybacks snowboard maker Burton's 10-market
Burton Demo Tour, running Dec. 31-March 13. Nintendo is also a sponsor
of the Philips U.S. Open Snowboarding Championships in Vermont, where
tricked-out tractor-trailers or SUVs staffed by Nintendo street teams
demo the new handheld gaming system and the latest GameCube software. A
schedule is posted at Nintendo.com with details on street team
appearances. U.S. Concepts handles street teams for Nintendo.
"Teens and young adults are the most elusive when it comes to
traditional marketing messages," says Nintendo spokesperson Anka
Dolecki. "Those that do well with that audience are the brands that
integrate themselves into these young people's lifestyle."
Watch for teams to have better premiums this year, too. "Brand managers
are finally starting to listen when we say that spending $50,000 on your
street team and then having them give out a five-cent piece of paper is
not doing the job," Ewen says. "The days of just putting a lot of people
on the street in an oversized T-shirt and visor" are numbered. Marketers
are learning that investing in premiums costumes and research are worth
the investment.
Still, it's tricky to manage thousands of street staff across several
markets. Quality can vary widely; training should not.
Street teams need a thorough brand tutorial to serve as effective
ambassadors of a brand. "Training your street team is not giving them a
uniform, a sample of the product and three call-out lines to memorize,"
says Ewen. Training must cover how the brand started, why it was brought
to market, who the target is and why they should consider this brand.
"The street team needs to know why the product is relevant and
why it should be successful. Then they can communicate as ambassadors
and not distributors."
Yahoo's buzz marketing brass meets with the brand's street teams several
times before rolling out a campaign to make sure they're "on-message,
effective and excited to be out representing our brand," Bennett says.
The GEM Group assigned an account exec to manage its 12-market
Barbarians tour for The History Channel "to ensure we had a
capable and credible manager to execute the program flawlessly," says
GEM account manager Allison Rabin.
The Barbarian Tailgate Tour targeted men 25-54 with tailgating parties
in 12 markets, including eight sold-out NCAA Bowl and NFL playoff games
and three malls. Eight costumed Barbarians presided over a feast of
turkey legs, sausage and brisket; an RV and two branded tents housed
plasma TVs that showed portions of The History Channel's
Barbarians.
Fans could access History.com/barbarians to get show information and
enter a national sweeps, dubbed "Get Civilized," dangling a trip to
Iceland and a Perry Ellis wardrobe makeover. GEM's New York office
handled.
Plugging into the Internet
Bennett predicts we'll see more hybrid off- and online campaigns, like
Yahoo Personals' Billboard Dating campaign that put a woman on a Los
Angeles billboard for three days, trolling Yahoo for dates (eight of
them, on the billboard). Live coverage online and extensive p.r. pick up
drove 6.4 million new visitors to the site. (Yahoo won three 2004 PRO
Awards for the effort, including Best Overall.)
 | Bus stop kiosks tout Yahoo Local
service |
Yahoo launched Yahoo Local in October 2004 with an off-/online promo,
street teams in 10 markets and interactive bus stopsa first.
Kiosks at bus stops let riders go online to find local businesses and
services. Heavy p.r. and advertising supported the launch, all handled
in-house.
Off- and online convergence "is more engaging for consumers and hits
them in all the places where they live, breath, play, socialize, shop
and goof-off," Bennett says. "It also gives marketers a more complete
story to tell."
Bennett also applauds Target Stores' holiday promo, Target Wake-up Call.
Shoppers registered online to get an early-morning call the morning
after Thanksgiving (prime shopping time), choosing from a list of
celebrities to deliver their call. "They developed this very traditional
plan around a completely non-traditional idea to create amazing word of
mouth," Bennett says.
So what is guerilla marketers' biggest challenge? Letting go of some
control. "Consumers become the marketing delivery vehicle; you have to
be comfortable that they'll put their own spin on it," Ewen says. "You
can't control the outcome as much as you can in traditional media."
 | | Le Tigre piggybacked existing
billboards |
Le Tigre took the risk with its summer 2004 campaign, Le Tigre Brands
the World. Street teams slapped Le Tigre logos on outdoor ads in five
markets "so no matter what the ad was, they were wearing Le Tigre
shirts," says Ewen, whose agency handled the campaign. Teams stationed
in parking lots and subway stations near the U.S. Open gave 10,000
pieces of Le Tigre clothes and 20,000 temporary tattoos to tennis fans
to finesse a big brand presence inside the tennis center.
But risk worries some marketers. "Some companies are comfortable taking
risks with municipalities and the occasional disgruntled consumer," Ewen
shrugs. "Others aren't comfortable with it, so they shouldn't push
it." Betsy Spethmann, Patrica Odell, Tim
Parry, Amy Johannes
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Back To Top^
Ask the Experts: Hot Trends in Event
Marketing for '05
U.S. marketers spent an estimated $152 billion on event
marketing in 2003, up about 15% from 2002. And last year, the average
budget for event marketing rose to $901,935, up from $827,911 in 2003,
according to PROMO's 2004 Event Marketing Study. With all these
marketing dollars being plunked down on tricked-out trucks, mega events
and street teams, PROMO checked in with a number of industry experts to
find out what the hot trends are for events this year.
 | Michael O'Hara
Lynch |
MICHAEL O'HARA LYNCH
Senior VP-Event and Sponsorship Marketing
Visa, San Francisco, CA
It has becoming increasingly clear that the traditional sponsorship
model as we know it is changing. As a result of continued clutter in the
marketplace and changes in technology, there are new challenges and
opportunities for us on the buy side. The days of the "official product"
sponsorship have passed and as a result you'll see event marketers
looking for better integrated programs. A few of the trends you'll see
in the new year are:
- Brand integration explosion: Lower TV ratings, selective
viewing patterns and continued fragmentation of the audience mean that
it's more critical than ever for us to get our content ingrained into
the fabric of the programming. We're looking for "unzappable" visibility
with programs like the Mobil Masterpiece Theatre or the Visa Triple
Crown.
- Anywhere, Everywhere: The penetration of mobile phones and
PDAs in the young target groups is impossible to ignore. Marketers are
going to find new ways to get their content into the hands of these
consumers, and wireless technology will open up an unlimited number of
contact points with the audience. Event marketers will do everything
possible to take advantage of this access, and deliver content directly
to the consumer that can't be edited out.
- Seeking increased equity and relevance: We're charged with
better defining the role that our products and services play with
properties. We must be more relevant to the consumer as well, and to do
that you will see marketers seeking more ownership equity in events.
We're also going to be looking for more unique added value benefits that
other sponsors aren't getting.
- Taking more risks: As rights fees continue to escalate, we
are going to look for more cost-effective opportunities, which will
require us to take more risks. If the traditional properties aren't
providing the value that we expect for the investment, we'll have to
look elsewhere.
 | | Matthew
Glass |
MATTHEW GLASS
Chairman and CEO
Grand Central Marketing, Inc., New York City
In 2005, event marketers will continue to incorporate the latest mobile
communication technologies into their programs to help them build
relationships with consumers at events and afterwards. Wireless
technology allows marketers to make their promotional events more
interactive by giving consumers the opportunity to vote, enter
sweepstakes, answer surveys, etc.
We are always exploring new ways to integrate technologies such as
camera phones, MP3 players, IM'ing and text messaging into our events
and promotions. For example, we will be executing a program this year
with street teams around the country, capturing consumer data on the
same hand-held device that will take photos and send e-mails to
participants. This will allow us to deliver our client's message on site
and have it repeated with additional branding and product information
when they get home.
As event marketing continues to grow and be incorporated into more and
more marketing plans, the demand for ROI continues to be an issue. With
these data capture technologies, we can provide valuable program
feedback and evaluation to our clients.
We will also continue to explore new ways to provide "entertainment
sampling" to build buzz and drive tune-in. For our clients in the
entertainment industry, it's often important to "sample" programming
through site-specific screenings or other unique methods of delivery
that allow targeted audiences to view trailers and promo spots in
unusual ways and new environments. For example, we will continue to
offer street teams wearing portable monitors and we'll be developing new
and unique tactics to deliver video entertainment.
Expect to see event marketers "pushing the envelope" in an attempt to
stand apart from the clutter of traditional advertising and copycat
marketers vying for consumers' attention in 2005 campaigns. For example,
last year, "pop-up" retail promotions allowed brands like Meow Mix to
generate international media attention and drive sales through an
innovative twist on retail-tainment (The Meow Mix Café for cats).
But marketers will need to continue to come up with creative new ways to
exploit traditional retail spaces, as well as find other new and
unexpected venues to get their messages out.
 | | Jeffrey
Miller |
JEFFREY MILLER
VP-account director
Jack Morton Worldwide, Chicago
In consumer marketing: increased integration of wireless technologies
such as cell phones and PDAs into the event experience. They'll be used
to deliver added-value elements (ring tones, downloads, e-coupons) and
to alert consumers to an event itself via video, text messaging, flash
mobs, Friendster and the like. Marketers also will look to hit the big
BUZZ and get a media splash like Pontiac did with its giveaway on
Oprah.
In business-to-business: expanded use of trade shows programs, and more
investments in field marketing initiatives between trade shows to let
field sales forces leverage trade show work and bring the trade show to
the buyer.
Plus, there'll be a blurring of internal and external marketing.
Companies are beginning to understand that they must market the message
to employees before they launch a program to consumers.
We'll see more globalization as corporations look for agencies that can
work with different languages and cultures. That means everything from
Hispanic work in the U.S. to integrating events culturally around the
world while retaining the brand's essence.
Priorities will be how to really measure ROI in a meaningful and
time-efficient manner; how to get more for their money in agency
bidding, partnerships and activation on sponsorships; and how to use the
Internet in a more relevant manner.
 | | Gary
Colen |
GARY COLEN
CEO
Alloy Marketing and Promotion, Boston, MA
We see three topics being debated with our clients related to the event
marketing planning in 2005. They are:
- Proximity: How do we not only create events that are
compelling and connected to the segment, but how do we deliver that
experience closer to the places that are a deeper part of the community?
The closer the delivered experienceboth physically and
emotionallythe more meaningful and successful the program is for
the client.
- Return on Event Marketing: We have engaged in developing
models that prove performance of the programs we create, as well as
exploring ways to connect both the agency and the client to that metric.
It's advantageous for us all to measure performance with increasing
accuracy. Connecting agency/client to a satisfactory metric is what is
moving in a positive direction for 2005.
- Media Delivery: We see the use of appropriate media elements
being more carefully woven into the planning process. The focus and rise
of non-traditional media (out-of-household, interactive, mall, cinema,
viral, word-of-mouth) as a critical part of creating an integrated event
marketing program [will increase] in 2005. The media is part of the
event experience that is being delivered to the consumer. More
sophisticated agencies and marketers are taking advantage of these
flexible media and incorporating them creatively and as a larger
percentage of the program.
 | | Steve
Lemon |
STEVE LEMON
President
Innovents, Inc., Encinitas, CA
I believe two issues have escalated in importance this past year and
will continue to do so in 2005:
We will be paying more attention to and more money for workplace safety.
While our industry endeavors to conform to safety guidelines, the cost
of doing so can be expensive and require time and resources you may be
unaccustomed to budgeting for.
Producers generally demand to pay the least amount of money for the most
amount of production value. However, at what expense to the goods and
services provided do we do this? Frankly, what's good for the bottom
line may not be good for the industry as a whole.
I know, blasphemous words for a producer. Hey vendors! Next time a
producer severely compromises your profit margin, just say "pass." It's
the only way we are going to learn.
 | | Mike
Reisman |
MIKE REISMAN
Principal
Velocity Sports & Entertainment, Wilton, CT
Traditional advertising is like comfort food for many [brand]
executives. The more the marketing world appears chaotic with buzz
marketing, experiential marketing, word of mouth marketing, mobile
marketing, etc., the more they will have an appetite for their
traditional sweet spot (as in the 30-second spot).
The most compelling [challenge] we face in 2005 is quite simple:
Answering the question, "Why should I take dollars out of advertising?"
Every executive in America buys the notion that the media environment is
more fragmented than ever before. However, we'll need to quench [brand
management's] insatiable thirst for proof that a fundamental spending
shift is the right thing to do.
We will all tell the decision makers that they need to "touch the
hearts" of consumers, but that's what advertising creatives have told
their CEOs for 50 years. Instead, we'll be equipped with metrics that
indicate the wider dispersion of marketing spend throughout the
marketing mix, the better the impact on market share. This will require
a powerful blend of quantitative and qualitative research. However, it
will also require a more specific approach to database analytics that
can battle the traditional argument that more GRPs equals higher market
share.
From a tactical perspective, there will be other trends to look for:
- B2B event marketing is becoming more mobile: some B2B marketers are
extending the trade show environment by sending mobile teams into office
buildings & lobbies to get their product messages across.
- Creativity will be at a premium as consumers become increasingly
accustomed to events. If you want to grab consumer share of mind and
modify behavior, you'd better realize that standard mobile buses and
tractor trailers are becoming passé. The new items are those that
break the mold and create a stir where and when they pop up.
- New technologies will drive more dynamic event environments. Digital
and wireless technologies will allow consumers to "experience" an event
before they ever attend. The personalization of events will be achieved
through digital communications that allow consumers to design their
experiences before they arrive and after they leave.
- Events will increase their value as prime opportunities to improve
knowledge of customer demands, preferences, and needs. In acquiring
feedback and more accurate knowledge of tactics that maximize ROI,
brands will gain a competitive advantage. It's the accurate and
cost-effective method of surveying customers that will make event
marketing even more popular in 2005.
Back To Top^
Recommended Reading:
When Are Events the Right Tactic?
The following is excerpted from How to Sell More
Stuff, by Steve Smith and Don E. Schultz, published this month by
Dearborn, Chicago
Any promotion that relies on a property is relying on borrowed
interest. That's not bad, but the promotion manager must recognize that
the audience came to the property not to learn about the marketer's
brand or even the product category. Instead, they came because they were
interested in the activity or event or people associated with the
property, whether the National Football League, the Olympics or Willie
Nelson for Farm-Aid. The product or service the marketer is promoting
through the property is generally a by-product of the event, not the
main event. This is not to say that borrowed interest is bad, but the
promotion manager needs to remember that in developing plans and
programs that will help sell more stuff....
The key strategic determinant in any use of properties is the audience
the activity generates and for which it has appeal. In truth,
participation in a property is not unlike the selection of traditional
advertising media. If there is no audience match between the property
and the brand or organization, the sheer size of the audience generated
is of no matter. For example, in some recent analyses we conducted for a
marketing organization, we found that rather than helping build the
brand, the association with the property actually hurt sales. The target
audience for the marketer's brand simply ignored the sponsored property.
In some instances, we found the brand's involvement with the property
was actually a deterrent to continued use of the brand. So the key
element is to know enough about your target market and the property's
audience and reputation to make sure there is a fit. Don E.
Schultz
Events reach right into the community, from professional sports to
grassroots festivals. The most crucial task is finding the right event
from over 40,000 choices. Or you can create your own event. As always,
start out by defining your objectives, then reviewing the possibilities.
Some objectives to consider:
- Creating a more exciting presence
- Changing or enhancing your image
- Increasing the market's scope (e.g., children plus tweens)
- Publicity
- Lending credibility to the product ("Must be a good deodorant if a
wrestler uses it!")
- Flexible foundation to launch diverse promotions under one umbrella
- Leveraging property's popularity for store traffic and
tie-inswith community presence
- Motivating trade, distribution, sales force, etc. (hospitality
events, incentives, celebrity visits, event-branded merchandise, perks,
etc.)
- Bringing corporate image to the community level
- Prominent signage like stadium banners appearing on national TV
- Product sampling or demonstrations
- New regional distribution launchawareness, traffic,
distribution
- New product introductionawareness (both trade and consumer)
- Product sales/sales contracts
- Trialsampling handout
- Trialexperience product
- Literature distribution
- Retailer tie-insfrom events in their parking lot to inclusion
at your event
- Client/customer relationship building
- Lead generation
- Community goodwill via cause tie-ins
- Counter-competitive activities
- Research
- Recruitment
- Added revenues from refreshments, space rental, program advertising,
etc.
....Do you really want your 15 minutes of fame? Some brands
thrive on their own unique, even quirky, identity. If your brand has a
respectable image and limited budget, you may want to focus on the
long-term goal of making the brand the hero rather than focusing on the
short-term, expensive, "borrowed interest" approach.
About the authors:
Steve Smith has been VP-creative director with some of the largest
integrated agencies, serving such clients as Coke, Pepsi, 3M, Burger
King, Kraft and BellSouth. He is the founder of Creative Marketing
Services, a consulting and creative firm based in Chicago.
Don E. Schultz is an authority on promotional and integrated
marketing. He is a professor of integrated marketing communications at
Northwestern University and president of Agora, Inc., a marketing
consulting firm headquartered in Chicago.
About the book:
How to Sell More Stuff
(ISBN 0-7931-9331-1)
By Steve Smith and Don E. Schultz
© 2005 Dearborn Trade Publishing, Chicago
Dearborntrade.com
Quantity discounts available. Call (800) 621-9621 Ext. 4444.
Back To Top^
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